This study provides an introduction to the use of multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) analysis for assessing latent factor structure, and compares this statistical technique to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in the evaluation of an original measure developed to assess students’ motivations for entering a social work community of practice. The Participation in a Social Work Community of Practice Scale (PSWCoP) was administered to 506 masters of social work students from 11 accredited graduate programs. The psychometric properties and latent factor structure of the scale are evaluated using MIRT and CFA techniques. Although designed as a 3-factor measure, analysis of model fit using both CFA and MIRT do not support this solution. Instead, analyses using both methods produce convergent results supporting a 4-factor solution. Discussion includes methodological implications for social work …

This review integrates Fredrickson's broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions with advances in affective neuroscience regarding plasticity in the neural circuitry of emotions to inform the treatment of emotion deficits within psychopathology.

Mindfulness training may disrupt the risk chain of stress-precipitated alcohol relapse. In 2008, 53 alcohol-dependent adults (mean age = 40.3) recruited from a therapeutic community located in the urban southeastern U.S. were randomized to mindfulness training or a support group. Most participants were male (79.2%). African American (60.4%), and earned less than $20,000 annually (52.8%). Self-report measures, psychophysiological cue-reactivity, and alcohol attentional bias were analyzed via repeated measures ANOVA. Thirty-seven participants completed the interventions.